Transplants as a bioethical problem

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Sylwia Lewoniewska, Renata Zaręba, Weronika Baszanowska, Magdalena Misiura, Marcin Nizioł, Izabela Prokop, Edyta Rysiak, Ilona Zaręba

3 (60) 2019 s. 216–220
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20883/ppnoz.2019.50

Fraza do cytowania: Lewoniewska S., Zaręba R., Baszanowska W., Misiura M., Nizioł M., Prokop I., Rysiak E., Zaręba I. Transplants as a bioethical problem. Polski Przegląd Nauk o Zdrowiu. 2019;3(60):216–220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20883/ppnoz.2019.50

Bioethics is an analysis of human attitudes in the perspective of moral principles and values. Transplantology is a branch of medicine dealing with the transplantation of cells, tissues, entire organs or their fragments from the body of the donor to the body of the recipient. A transplant can be performed within the same organism (autogenous transplant). Allogeneic transplant is the transplantation of organs from one organism to another of the same species. In the case of xenografts, the donor and recipient belong to other species. The aim of the work is the analysis of requirements for allogeneic transplantation from living and dead donors in legal, religious and social terms. A key role in the transplantation procedure is writting agreement of the donor during his life. Depending on nationality, consent for donation of organ can be expressed by family, doctor or authority. A living person can be a transplant donor only for closely related people. Transplants carry many bioethical dilemmas. A difficult aspect in transplantology are criteria for assessing brain death, determining the risk of health complications for a living donor and the problem of transplant rejection. Different religious have a significant impact on decision of donors. It is believed that spreading the problem of transplantation among communities will increase the people`s agreements to be an organ donor. However, cloning techniques and stem cell organ cultures can be a breakthrough in transplantation giving hope to many people waiting for a transplant.

Key words: bioethics, law, transplantation, transplant, donor, recipient.



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